Serpind1-KO Mouse

Serpind1, also known as heparin cofactor II, belongs to the serine protease inhibitor family. Some serpins, including Serpind1, utilize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to enhance the inhibition of target proteases, playing a role in modulating coagulation [3].

In epithelial ovarian cancer, Serpind1 expression is significantly elevated, and patients with higher expression have poor prognoses. It promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle transition, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells, while inhibiting apoptosis through promoting phosphorylation in the PI3K/AKT pathway. Inhibition of its expression leads to opposite effects, and adding a PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor can reverse the promoting effect of Serpind1-overexpressing cells on the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells [1].

In papillary thyroid carcinoma, Serpind1 is identified as a biomarker related to SUMOylation, involved in immune-related pathways, with potential for targeted therapy [2].

In liver-related diseases, Serpind1 is among the differentially expressed proteins in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma patients, potentially serving as a candidate biomarker for disease prognosis and diagnosis [4].

In glaucoma, Serpind1 shows significant upregulation and plays a vital role in glaucoma occurrences, associated with eye transparency decrease and glucose metabolism [5].

In systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary hypertension, higher levels of Serpind1 are associated with better survival in patients [6].

In melanoma, Serpind1 in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles is relevant in differentiating between disease stages [7].

In intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, Serpind1 expression is lower in patients, and it may serve as a non-invasive biomarker [8].

In atherosclerosis, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accelerate arteriosclerosis by promoting miR-155 expression to downregulate Serpind1 [9].

In conclusion, Serpind1 has diverse functions, mainly as a serine protease inhibitor involved in coagulation-related processes. Its role in multiple diseases, such as cancers, glaucoma, and pregnancy-related diseases, has been revealed through various studies. Research on Serpind1 provides insights into disease mechanisms and potential biomarker and therapeutic target identification.